What moves the price of a photovoltaic system
System size and panel count
A larger array generates more power and costs more upfront. Sizing should match your actual consumption: an oversized system exports more than you use, while an undersized one leaves bill savings on the table. Your installer will size the system from your annual usage figure.
Roof type and mounting complexity
A straightforward pitched roof with easy access costs less to install than a complex hip roof, a slate roof requiring specialist fixings, or a flat roof needing tilt frames and ballast. Labour time rises with complexity, and that flows directly into the quote you receive.
Inverter choice and battery addition
String inverters cost less; microinverters or optimisers add cost but can recover yield on partially shaded roofs. Adding battery storage is a separate line in the quote and carries its own warranty period. Panel warranty terms vary by manufacturer, and most inverters have a warranty of at least five years, which can often be extended, according to the Energy Saving Trust.
Scaffolding, access, and survey requirements
Multi-storey homes, awkward roof angles, or sites near roads often require more scaffolding time and a more detailed survey. These costs are legitimate and should appear as named line items in any transparent quote; ask for a breakdown if they are bundled.
VAT and current incentives
Installation of photovoltaic panels on a UK home currently attracts 0% VAT, zero-rated to 31 March 2027 (HMRC VAT Notice 708/6). On a typical 4.5 kWp system costing around £7,600 (Energy Saving Trust, 2026), that is a meaningful saving compared with the 5% rate that applies from 1 April 2027. Beyond that date, check with your installer what rate applies to your planned installation.